A Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri(BMS)ni ingenzi cyane ku mapaki ya bateri agezweho ashobora kongera gukoreshwa. BMS ni ingenzi cyane ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EVs) no kubika ingufu.
Ituma bateri ihora mu mutekano, iramba, kandi igakora neza. Ikorana na bateri za LiFePO4 na NMC. Iyi nkuru isobanura uburyo BMS ikora neza ku turemangingo dufite ibibazo.
Gutahura no gukurikirana amakosa
Gutahura uturemangingo dufite ibibazo ni intambwe ya mbere mu gucunga bateri. BMS ihora igenzura ibipimo by'ingenzi bya buri turemangingo mu ipaki, harimo:
·Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi:Ingufu z'amashanyarazi za buri selile ziragenzurwa kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere y'amashanyarazi arenze urugero cyangwa adafite ingufu zihagije. Ibi bibazo bishobora kugaragaza ko selile ifite ikibazo cyangwa ishaje.
·Ubushyuhe:Utumashini dukurikirana ubushyuhe butangwa na buri selile. Selile ifite ikibazo ishobora gushyuha cyane, bigatera ibyago byo kwangirika.
·Ubu:Umuvuduko w'amazi udasanzwe ushobora kugaragaza ko hari imiyoboro migufi cyangwa ibindi bibazo by'amashanyarazi.
·Ubudahangarwa bw'imbere mu mutima:Ukwiyongera k'ubudahangarwa akenshi bigaragaza kwangirika cyangwa gutsindwa.
Mu gukurikirana neza ibi bipimo, BMS ishobora kumenya vuba uturemangingo dutandukanye n’urwego rusanzwe rw’imikorere.
Gusuzuma amakosa no kuyashyira mu kato
Iyo BMS ibonye ingirabuzimafatizo ifite ikibazo, isuzuma. Ibi bifasha kumenya uburemere bw'ikosa n'ingaruka zaryo ku ipaki rusange. Hari amakosa ashobora kuba mato, agakenera gusa guhindurwa by'agateganyo, mu gihe andi akomeye kandi agasaba ko hagira igikorwa vuba.
Ushobora gukoresha active balancer muri BMS series ku makosa mato, nko kutagira ingufu nyinshi. Ubu buryo bwo guhindura ingufu kuva ku turemangingo dukomeye ukajya ku tundi dukomeye. Ibi bituma sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ikomeza gutanga umuriro mu turemangingo twose. Ibi bigabanya stress kandi bikadufasha kumara igihe kirekire.
Ku bibazo bikomeye cyane, nko gukoresha imiyoboro migufi (short circuits), BMS izatandukanya selile ifite ikibazo. Ibi bivuze kuyikura kuri sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi. Iyi shyirahamwe ituma igice gisigaye cy'ipaki gikora neza. Bishobora gutuma ubushobozi bwo kuyikoresha bugabanuka gato.
Amabwiriza y'umutekano n'uburyo bwo kurinda
Abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi bashushanya BMS igezweho ifite ibintu bitandukanye by'umutekano kugira ngo icunge uturemangingo dufite ibibazo. Ibi birimo:
·Uburinzi bwa voltage irenze urugero n'ubudahagije bw'amashanyarazi:Iyo voltage y'akagari irenze imipaka y'umutekano, BMS igabanya gusharija cyangwa gusohora umuriro. Ishobora kandi gukura akagari ku mutwaro kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika.
· Imicungire y'ubushyuhe:Iyo habayeho ubushyuhe bwinshi, BMS ishobora gukoresha sisitemu zo gukonjesha, nk'abafana, kugira ngo igabanye ubushyuhe. Mu bihe bikomeye, ishobora kuzimya sisitemu ya bateri. Ibi bifasha gukumira ubushyuhe bukabije, bikaba ari ikibazo gikomeye. Muri iki gihe, selile ishyuha vuba.
Uburinzi bw'uruziga rugufi:Iyo BMS ibonye umurongo mugufi (short circuit), ihita ihagarika ingufu kuri iyo selile. Ibi bifasha kwirinda kwangirika kurushaho.
Kunoza no Kubungabunga Imikorere
Gufata uturemangingo dufite ibibazo si ukwirinda gusa gutsindwa. BMS inanoza imikorere. Iringaniza umutwaro hagati y’uturemangingo kandi igakurikirana ubuzima bwatwo uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Iyo sisitemu igaragaje ko selile ifite ikibazo ariko itarateza akaga, BMS ishobora kugabanya akazi kayo. Ibi byongera igihe cyo kubaho kwa bateri mu gihe ipaki ikomeza gukora neza.
Nanone muri sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zigezweho, BMS ikoresha ubwenge ishobora kuvugana n'ibikoresho byo hanze kugira ngo itange amakuru yo gusuzuma. Ishobora gutanga inama ku bikorwa byo kubungabunga, nko gusimbuza uturemangingo dufite ibibazo, no kwemeza ko sisitemu ikora neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-19-2024
