Bateri za Lithium zabaye igice cy'ingenzi cy'urusobe rw'ingufu nshya, zikoresha ibintu byose kuva ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi no kubika ingufu kugeza ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bitwarwa. Nyamara, imbogamizi ikunze kugaragara ku bakoresha ku isi yose ni ingaruka zikomeye z'ubushyuhe ku mikorere ya bateri—impeshyi ikunze guteza ibibazo nko kubyimba no gusohoka kwa bateri, mu gihe igihe cy'itumba gitera kugabanuka cyane kw'ingufu no kudakoresha neza charger. Ibi bishingiye ku bushyuhe busanzwe bwa bateri za Lithium, aho bateri za Lithium Iron Phosphate, imwe mu zikoreshwa cyane, zigira imikorere myiza hagati ya 0°C na 40°C. Muri urwo rwego, imikorere y'ibinyabutabire imbere n'imigendekere ya ion bikora neza cyane, bigatuma ingufu zisohoka neza.
Ubushyuhe buri hanze y’iri dirishya ryizewe butera ingaruka zikomeye kuri bateri za lithium. Mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, electrolyte ihindagurika kandi igasenyuka byihuta, bigagabanya imikorere ya iyoum ndetse bigashobora no gutanga umwuka utera kubyimba cyangwa gucika kwa bateri. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y’ibikoresho bya electrode iragabanuka, bigatuma ubushobozi budasubirwaho bugabanuka. Ikirenzeho, ubushyuhe bwinshi bushobora gutera ubushyuhe bugenda bushira, ingaruka z’umunyururu zishobora gutera ibibazo by’umutekano, ari na yo mpamvu ikomeye itera ibibazo mu bikoresho bishya by’ingufu. Ubushyuhe buke nabwo butera ikibazo: kwiyongera kwa electrolyte viscosity bigabanya kwimuka kwa iyoum ya lithium, byongera imbaraga zo mu mutima no kugabanya imikorere myiza yo gusohora charge-soil. Gushyushya charge mu bihe by’ubukonje bishobora gutuma iyoum ya lithium igwa ku buso bwa electrode bubi, bigatuma habaho dendrites za lithium zica mu gice gitandukanya amashanyarazi kandi zigatera imiyoboro migufi y’amashanyarazi, bigateza ibyago bikomeye by’umutekano.
Kugira ngo igabanye ibi byago biterwa n'ubushyuhe, Ikigo gishinzwe kurinda bateri za Lithium, kizwi nka BMS (Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri), ni ingenzi. Ibikoresho bya BMS byiza bifite ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubushyuhe bya NTC bihoraho bigenzura ubushyuhe bwa bateri. Iyo ubushyuhe burenze imipaka y'umutekano, sisitemu itera inzogera; mu gihe ubushyuhe bwiyongera cyane, ihita ikora ingamba zo kurinda kugira ngo ihagarike urujya n'uruza, ikarinda kwangirika kurushaho. BMS igezweho ifite uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe buri hasi ishobora kandi gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo gukora bateri mu bidukikije bikonje, ikemure ibibazo nko kugabanuka kw'ingufu zo gushyushya no gushyushya, ikemeza ko imikorere yayo ihamye mu bihe bitandukanye by'ubushyuhe.
Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cya sisitemu y'umutekano wa bateri ya lithiamu, BMS ifite imikorere myiza ntabwo irinda gusa umutekano mu mikorere ahubwo inanongera igihe cyo kubaho kwa bateri, itanga ubufasha bw'ingenzi mu mikorere myiza y'ibikoresho bishya by'ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-23-2025
