Ibikoresho bya bateri ya Lithium bifite imiterere imwe n'imwe ituma bidashyuha cyane, birenze urugero-gusezererwa, hejuru-Umuyaga ushyushye, ukoresha umuyoboro muto, kandi urimo gusharijwa no gusohoka ku bushyuhe buri hejuru cyane no hasi. Kubwibyo, bateri ya lithium izahora iherekejwe na BMS yoroshye. BMS yerekeza kuriSisitemu yo gucunga bateribateri. Sisitemu yo gucunga, yitwa kandi ikibaho cyo kurinda.
Imikorere ya BMS
(1) Kubona no gupima Igipimo ni ukumenya uko bateri ihagaze
Iyi ni yo nshingano y'ibanze yaBMS, harimo gupima no kubara ibipimo bimwe na bimwe byerekana, harimo voltage, current, ubushyuhe, ingufu, SOC (imiterere y'umushari), SOH (imiterere y'ubuzima), SOP (imiterere y'imbaraga), SOE (imiterere y'umushari) ingufu).
Muri rusange, SOC ishobora kumvikana nk'ingano y'ingufu zisigaye muri batiri, kandi agaciro kayo kari hagati ya 0-100%. Iki ni cyo gipimo cy'ingenzi cyane muri BMS; SOH yerekeza ku buzima bwa batiri (cyangwa urwego rw'igabanuka rya batiri), ari na bwo bushobozi nyakuri bwa batiri iriho. Ugereranyije n'ubushobozi bwatanzwe, iyo SOH iri munsi ya 80%, batiri ntishobora gukoreshwa mu kirere cy'ingufu.
(2) Itangazo n'uburinzi
Iyo habayeho ikibazo muri bateri, BMS ishobora kuburira urubuga kugira ngo rurinde bateri no gufata ingamba zijyanye nayo. Muri icyo gihe, amakuru adasanzwe y’inyobo azoherezwa ku rubuga rushinzwe gukurikirana no gucunga no gutanga amakuru ajyanye n’inyobo, kandi atange amakuru ajyanye n’urwego rutandukanye rw’inyobo.
Urugero, iyo ubushyuhe bushyushye cyane, BMS izahagarika burundu uburyo bwo gushyushya no gusohora umuriro, ikore uburinzi bw'ubushyuhe bukabije, kandi yohereze inzogera inyuma.
Bateri za Lithium zizatanga umuburo ku bibazo bikurikira:
Gushyiramo amafaranga menshi: igice kimwe hejuru-voltage, voltage yose irenze-voltage, irashyuha hejuru-umuriro;
Gusohora umuriro mwinshi: igice kimwe kiri munsi-voltage, voltage yose iri munsi ya-voltage, gusohora hejuru-umuriro;
Ubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe bw'ibanze bwa bateri buri hejuru cyane, ubushyuhe bw'ikirere buri hejuru cyane, ubushyuhe bwa MOS buri hejuru cyane, ubushyuhe bw'ibanze bwa bateri buri hasi cyane, n'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere buri hasi cyane;
Imiterere: kwibira mu mazi, kugongana, guhinduka, nibindi.
(3) Imicungire iringaniye
Igikenewe cyoimicungire iringaniyebituruka ku kutumvikana mu ikorwa n'ikoreshwa rya bateri.
Mu rwego rwo gukora, buri bateri ifite ubuzima bwayo n'imiterere yayo. Nta bateri ebyiri zimeze kimwe. Bitewe no kutumvikana mu byuma bitandukanya, cathode, anode n'ibindi bikoresho, ubushobozi bwa bateri zitandukanye ntibushobora kuba buhamye rwose. Urugero, ibimenyetso by'ubudasa bw'itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi, ubukana bw'imbere, n'ibindi bya buri selile ya bateri igize paki ya bateri ya 48V/20AH biratandukanye mu rugero runaka.
Mu buryo bwo gukoresha, inzira y’imikorere y’amashanyarazi ntishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gusharija no gusohora batiri. Nubwo yaba ari paki imwe ya batiri, gusharija n’ubushobozi bwo gusohora batiri bizatandukana bitewe n’ubushyuhe butandukanye n’ibipimo byo kugongana, bigatuma ubushobozi bw’uturemangingo twa batiri budahinduka.
Bityo rero, bateri ikeneye kuringaniza ibintu bidakoreshejwe (passive balancing) no kuringaniza ibintu mu buryo bufatika (active balancing). Ni ukuvuga gushyiraho uburyo bwo kuringaniza ibintu mu buryo butangiriraho no kurangiza: urugero, mu itsinda rya bateri, kuringaniza ibintu bikorwa iyo itandukaniro riri hagati y’agaciro gakomeye k’umuvuduko w’uturemangingo n’umuvuduko mpuzandengo w’itsinda rigeze kuri 50mV, naho kuringaniza ibintu bikarangira kuri 5mV.
(4) Itumanaho n'aho umuntu aherereye
BMS ifite uburyo butandukanyemodule y'itumanaho, ishinzwe kohereza amakuru no gushyira batiri mu mwanya wayo. Ishobora kohereza amakuru ajyanye n'ibyo yumviswe kandi agapimwa kuri platform yo gucunga ibikorwa mu buryo bwihuse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-07-2023
