Igitekerezo cyakuringaniza uturemangingoBirashoboka ko abenshi muri twe tubizi. Ibi biterwa ahanini n'uko imiterere y'uturemangingo idashobora kuba myiza bihagije, kandi kuringaniza bifasha kunoza ibi. Nk'uko udashobora kubona amababi abiri asa ku isi, ntushobora no kubona uturemangingo tubiri dusa. Rero, amaherezo, kuringaniza ni ugukemura intege nke z'uturemangingo, bikaba nk'igipimo cyo kwishyura.
Ni ibihe bintu bigaragaza ko uturemangingo tudahuza?
Hari ibintu bine by'ingenzi: SOC (State of Charge), resistance y'imbere, self-recharge current, n'ubushobozi. Ariko, kuringaniza ntibishobora gukemura burundu ibi bintu bine bidafite aho bihuriye. Kuringaniza bishobora gusa kwishyura itandukaniro rya SOC, mu buryo butunguranye bigakemura ibibazo byo kuringaniza self-recharge. Ariko kuri resistance y'imbere n'ubushobozi, kuringaniza ntacyo bitwaye.
Guhindagurika kw'uturemangingo biterwa n'iki?
Hari impamvu ebyiri z'ingenzi: imwe ni ukudahuza guterwa no gukorwa no gutunganywa kw'uturemangingo, indi ni ukudahuza guterwa n'aho uturemangingo dukoreshwa. Kudahuza kw'umusaruro bituruka ku bintu nk'uburyo bwo gutunganya n'ibikoresho, ibyo bikaba byoroshya ikibazo gikomeye cyane. Kudahuza kw'ibidukikije biroroshye kubyumva, kuko aho buri turemangingo duherereye muri PACK haba hatandukanye, bigatuma habaho itandukaniro ry'ibidukikije nko guhindagurika guke mu bushyuhe. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, izi tandukaniro riragwira, bigatera kudahuza kw'uturemangingo.
Gupima imikorere y'umubiri bikoreshwa bite?
Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, kuringaniza bikoreshwa mu gukuraho itandukaniro rya SOC mu turemangingo. Byiza ni uko bikomeza SOC ya buri turemangingo, bigatuma turemangingo twose tugera ku mupaka wa voltage wo hejuru no hasi wo gushyushya no gusohora icyarimwe, bityo bikongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha bwa bateri. Hari ibintu bibiri bigaragaza itandukaniro rya SOC: kimwe ni igihe ubushobozi bwa selile ari bumwe ariko SOC zikaba zitandukanye; ikindi ni igihe ubushobozi bwa selile na SOC byombi bitandukanye.
Urugero rwa mbere (ibumoso cyane mu ishusho iri hepfo) rugaragaza utunyangingo dufite ubushobozi bumwe ariko SOC zitandukanye. Akanyangingo gafite SOC ntoya kabanza kugera ku mupaka wo gusohora (dufashe ko 25% bya SOC ari wo mupaka wo hasi), mu gihe akanyangingo gafite SOC nini kabanza kugera ku mupaka wo gusohora. Mu kuringaniza, utunyangingo twose dukomeza SOC imwe mu gihe cyo gusohora no gusohora.
Urugero rwa kabiri (rwa kabiri uvuye ibumoso mu ishusho iri hepfo) rureba utunyangingo dufite ubushobozi butandukanye na za SOC. Aha, utunyangingo dufite ubushobozi buke ni two dutangira gushyushya no gusohora. Iyo tugize uburinganire, utunyangingo twose dukomeza kugira SOC imwe mu gihe cyo gushyushya no gusohora.
Akamaro ko kuringaniza ibintu
Kuringaniza ni ingenzi ku turemangingo turiho ubu. Hari ubwoko bubiri bwo kuringaniza:kuringaniza ibikorwanakuringaniza bidakoresheje imbaragaKugereranya ibintu bidakoreshejwe (Passive balancing) bikoresha resistor mu gusohora, mu gihe kuringaniza ibintu bidakoreshejwe (active balancing) bikubiyemo urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi hagati y'uturemangingo. Hari impaka kuri aya magambo, ariko ntabwo tuzabivugaho. Kugereranya ibintu bidakoreshejwe cyane bikunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa, mu gihe kuringaniza ibintu bidakoreshejwe cyane.
Guhitamo Ingano y'Umuyoboro wa BMS
Ku bijyanye no kuringaniza ibintu mu buryo butagira ingaruka, ni gute umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ukoreshwa mu kuringaniza ibintu wagombye kumenyekana? Byaba byiza, ugomba kuba munini uko bishoboka kose, ariko ibintu nk'ikiguzi, gusohora ubushyuhe, n'umwanya bisaba ko habaho ubwumvikane.
Mbere yo guhitamo umuyoboro wo kuringaniza, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa niba itandukaniro rya SOC riterwa n’icyiciro cya mbere cyangwa icya kabiri. Kenshi na kenshi, ryegereye icyicyerekezo cya mbere: uturemangingo dutangirana ubushobozi na SOC bisa, ariko uko bikoreshwa, cyane cyane bitewe n’itandukaniro mu kwikuramo, SOC ya buri turemangingo igenda ihinduka buhoro buhoro. Kubwibyo, ubushobozi bwo kuringaniza bugomba nibura gukuraho ingaruka z’itandukaniro ryo kwikuramo.
Iyo uturemangingo twose tuba dufite uburyo bumwe bwo kwikuramo umwuka, kuringaniza ntibyari kuba ngombwa. Ariko niba hari itandukaniro mu buryo bwo kwikuramo umwuka, hazabaho itandukaniro rya SOC, kandi kuringaniza birakenewe kugira ngo bibe byakwishyurwa. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko igihe mpuzandengo cyo kuringaniza umunsi ari gito mu gihe kwikuramo umwuka bikomeza buri munsi, ikintu cy'igihe nacyo kigomba kwitabwaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-05-2024
