Ba nyir'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) bakunze guhura n'ikibazo cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi ritunguranye cyangwa kwangirika vuba. Gusobanukirwa impamvu nyamukuru n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gusuzuma bishobora gufasha kubungabunga ubuzima bwa bateri no gukumira kuzimya imodoka mu buryo butari bwo. Iyi nyandiko isuzuma uruhare rwaSisitemu yo gucunga batiri (BMS) mu kurinda paki ya batiri ya lithiamu yawe.
Ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi bitera ibi bibazo: ubushobozi rusange buragabanuka bitewe no gukoreshwa igihe kirekire, ndetse n'uburyo amashanyarazi adahagije hagati y'uturemangingo twa bateri. Iyo kamwe mu turemangingo kamaze kugabanuka vuba kurusha utundi, bishobora gutera uburyo bwo kurinda BMS imburagihe. Ubu buryo bw'umutekano bugabanya ingufu zo kurinda bateri kwangirika, nubwo utundi turemangingo twaba dugifite imbaraga.
Ushobora kugenzura ubuzima bwa bateri ya lithium yawe udakoresheje ibikoresho by’umwuga ugenzura voltage iyo EV yawe igaragaza ingufu nke. Ku ipaki isanzwe ya LiFePO4 ya 60V 20-series, voltage yose igomba kuba hagati ya 52-53V iyo isohotse, hamwe n’uturemangingo turi hafi ya 2.6V. Voltages muri uru rwego zigaragaza ko ubushobozi bwo gutakaza bukwiye.
Kumenya niba kuzimya kwaturutse kuri moteri igenzura cyangwa uburinzi bwa BMS biroroshye. Reba niba hari ingufu zisigaye - niba amatara cyangwa ihoni bigikora, umugenzuzi ashobora kuba yabanje gukora. Kuzimya burundu bigaragaza ko BMS yahagaritse gusohora bitewe n'ingirabuzimafatizo idakora neza, bigaragaza ko voltage idahagije.
Ingano y'amashanyarazi mu turemangingo ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umuntu arambe kandi agire umutekano. Sisitemu nziza yo gucunga bateri ikurikirana iyi ngingo, icunga amabwiriza yo kurinda, kandi igatanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro yo gusuzuma. BMS igezweho ifite umurongo wa Bluetooth ifasha kugenzura mu buryo bwihuse binyuze muri porogaramu za telefoni zigendanwa, bigatuma abakoresha bakurikirana ibipimo by'imikorere.
Inama z'ingenzi zo kubungabunga zirimo:
Igenzura ry’amashanyarazi rihoraho binyuze mu buryo bwo kugenzura BMS
Gukoresha chargers zisabwa n'abakora
Kwirinda gusohora burundu mu gihe bishoboka
Gukemura ikibazo cy’ubusumbane bw’amashanyarazi hakiri kare kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika vuba. Ibikoresho bya BMS bigezweho bigira uruhare runini mu kwizerwa kwa EV binyuze mu gutanga uburinzi bw’ingenzi kuri:
Ingengabihe yo gushyiramo umuriro mwinshi n'iy'ibicuruzwa birengeje urugero
Ubushyuhe bukabije mu gihe cyo gukora
Kudahuza kw'amashanyarazi y'uturemangingo n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho
Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bijyanye no kubungabunga no kurinda bateri, reba amakuru ya tekiniki aturuka ku nganda zizwi. Gusobanukirwa aya mahame bifasha kongera igihe bateri yawe ya EV ikora neza kandi ikayikoresha neza, ariko kandi bikagufasha gukora neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 25 Nzeri 2025
