1. Uburyo bwo gukangura
Iyo ifunguye bwa mbere, hari uburyo butatu bwo gukangura (ibicuruzwa bizaza ntibizakenera gukoreshwa):
- Gukangura utubuto;
- Gukangura ikoranabuhanga ryo gusharija;
- Uburyo bwo gukangura buto ya Bluetooth.
Ku bijyanye no kongera gukoresha umuriro, hari uburyo butandatu bwo gukangura:
- Gukangura utubuto;
- Gukangura uburyo bwo gusharija (igihe voltage y'injira ry'ishari iri hejuru ya 2V nibura ugereranyije na voltage ya bateri);
- 485 gutangiza itumanaho;
- Gukangura itumanaho rya CAN;
- Gukangura uburyo bwo gusohora umuriro (ubushyuhe ≥ 2A);
- Gukangura imikorere y'urufunguzo.
2. Uburyo bwo gusinzira bwa BMS
ItsindaBMSInjira mu buryo bw'ingufu nke (igihe gisanzwe ni amasegonda 3600) iyo nta itumanaho rihari, nta muyoboro wo gushyushya/gusohora umuriro, kandi nta kimenyetso cyo gukanguka. Mu gihe cyo gusinzira, MOSFET zo gushyushya no gusohora umuriro ziguma zihujwe keretse iyo bateri idafite ingufu nyinshi, icyo gihe MOSFET zihita zihagarara. Iyo BMS ibonye ibimenyetso by'itumanaho cyangwa umuyoboro wo gushyushya/gusohora umuriro (≥2A, kandi kugira ngo ikoreshwe, voltage y'iyinjiza ya charger igomba kuba nibura hejuru ya 2V ugereranyije n'umuyoboro wa bateri, cyangwa hari ikimenyetso cyo gukanguka), izahita yitabira kandi yinjire mu gihe cyo gukanguka.
3. Ingamba zo Gutunganya SOC
Ubushobozi nyabwo bwa bateri na xxAH bishyirwa muri mudasobwa ikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu gihe cyo gusharija, iyo voltage ya selile igeze ku gaciro ntarengwa ka overvoltage kandi hari umuriro wo gusharija, SOC izagenzurwa kugeza kuri 100%. (Mu gihe cyo gusharija, bitewe n'amakosa yo kubara SOC, SOC ishobora kutaba 0% nubwo ibintu bibuza undervoltage byujuje ibisabwa. Icyitonderwa: Ingamba zo gushyira SOC kuri zeru nyuma yo kurinda undervoltage ya selile (undervoltage) zishobora guhindurwa.)
4. Ingamba zo Gukemura Amakosa
Amakosa agabanyijwemo urwego rubiri. BMS ikemura urwego rutandukanye rw'amakosa mu buryo butandukanye:
- Urwego rwa 1: Udukosa duto, BMS niyo ibuza gusa.
- Urwego rwa 2: Ikosa rikomeye, BMS iratanga kandi igaca switch ya MOS.
Ku makosa akurikira yo ku rwego rwa 2, switch ya MOS ntiziba zifunze: ikimenyetso cy'itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi menshi, ikimenyetso cy'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikimenyetso cy'intabaza cya SOC nyinshi, n'ikimenyetso cy'intabaza cya SOC gito.
5. Kugenzura buringanire
Hakoreshwa uburyo bwo kuringaniza ibintu mu buryo butaziguye.BMS igenzura isohoka ry'uturemangingo tw'amashanyarazi menshibinyuze mu birwanya, bigakuraho ingufu nk'ubushyuhe. Umuvuduko wo kuringaniza ni 30mA. Kuringaniza bitangira iyo ibisabwa byose bikurikira byujujwe:
- Mu gihe cyo gusharija;
- Voltage yo guhuza igerwaho (ishobora gusubizwa binyuze kuri mudasobwa isanzwe); Itandukaniro ry'voltage hagati y'uturemangingo > 50mV (50mV ni agaciro gasanzwe, irashobora gusubizwa binyuze kuri mudasobwa isanzwe).
- Voltage isanzwe yo gukoresha fosifate y'icyuma ya lithium: 3.2V;
- Voltage isanzwe yo gukoresha kuri lithiyumu ya ternari: 3.8V;
- Voltage isanzwe yo gukoresha ya titanate ya lithiamu: 2.4V;
6. Igereranya rya SOC
BMS ipima SOC ikoresheje uburyo bwo kubara coulomb, ikaguza umuriro cyangwa isohora kugira ngo igereranye agaciro ka SOC ka bateri.
Ikosa ryo Gupima SOC:
| Uburinganire | Urubuga rwa SOC |
|---|---|
| ≤ 10% | 0% < SOC < 100% |
7. Ubuziranenge bw'amashanyarazi, ubushyuhe n'ubukonje
| Imikorere | Uburinganire | Ishami |
|---|---|---|
| Umuvuduko w'uturemangingo | ≤ 15% | mV |
| Voltage yose | ≤ 1% | V |
| Ubu | ≤ 3% FSR | A |
| Ubushyuhe | ≤ 2 | °C |
8. Ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi
- Umuriro w'ibikoresho byikora iyo bikoreshwa: < 500µA;
- Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi wikoresha ubwawe iyo urimo gukora: < 35mA (nta itumanaho ryo hanze: < 25mA);
- Umuvuduko w'amazi wikoresha mu buryo bwo gusinzira: < 800µA.
9. Guhindura intoki (Soft Switch) n'ingufuri (Key Switch)
- Uburyo bwo gukoresha logic isanzwe kuri soft switch ni logic ihindagurika; ishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo ibe logic nziza.
- Imikorere isanzwe ya key switch ni ugukoresha BMS; izindi function za logic zishobora guhindurwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2024
